Cosmology

by David Sims THE MOST basic fact of existence is the uncertainty principle. A quantity of energy, multiplied by a quantity of time, must be greater than Planck’s reduced constant (a very small number) in order to engage with causation. As a result of that fact, the vacuum state isn’t entirely…

by David Sims THINGS come into existence in accordance with probability distributions. The observable phenomenon called the Casimir Effect is an example. If you hang two conductive (e.g. aluminum, copper) plates in parallel and near to each other, they will prevent the random appearance of fluctuations…

IN 1999, two men went hunting for buried treasure in the Seigelroda Forest in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany near a town called Nebra. Though they didn’t find traditional treasure, their metal detectors led the unlicensed artifact hunters to an equally unbelievable find: a collection of two bronze…

A TINY, UNSEEN force could potentially alter our basic understanding of the universe — if it really exists. Theoretical physicists at UC Irvine say they’ve found evidence for a fifth fundamental force of nature, carried by a particle that until now has gone totally unnoticed. If supported…